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Lesson Title: Causes of World War 2
Grade Level: 10th Grade | Duration: 45 minutes
Standards: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.9-10.2

Learning Objectives:
• Identify and explain the primary causes of World War 2
• Analyze how economic conditions contributed to the outbreak of war
• Evaluate the failure of the League of Nations

Materials: World map (1939), Treaty of Versailles excerpts, Timeline handout 1919-1939, Video: Rise of Fascism (5 min)

Warm-Up (5 minutes):
Display Versailles Treaty signing image. Ask: "How might harsh peace terms after one war lead to another?" Students quick-write and share with partner.

Direct Instruction (15 minutes):
Present four main causes: Treaty of Versailles, Economic Depression, Rise of Totalitarianism, Policy of Appeasement. Use timeline. Show 5-minute video.

Guided Practice (15 minutes):
Groups analyze primary sources, create cause-and-effect chains, present 2-minute summaries.

Exit Ticket (8 minutes):
"Which cause was MOST responsible? Defend with evidence." (4-5 sentences)

Differentiation:
• ELL: Sentence frames
• Advanced: Compare WW1 and WW2 causes
• Struggling: Pre-teach vocabulary

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS QUIZ - 7th Grade Science
Standards: MS-LS1-6 | Time: 20 minutes | Points: 25

Multiple Choice (2 points each):

1. What is the primary purpose of photosynthesis?
a) To produce oxygen for humans
b) To convert light energy into chemical energy ✓
c) To remove carbon dioxide
d) To create chlorophyll

2. Which organelle performs photosynthesis?
a) Mitochondria
b) Nucleus
c) Chloroplast ✓
d) Ribosome

3. What are the REACTANTS of photosynthesis?
a) Glucose and oxygen
b) Water and oxygen
c) Carbon dioxide and water ✓
d) Sunlight and chlorophyll

Short Answer (3 points each):

4. Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis.
Answer: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

5. Explain why plants need sunlight.
Answer: Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy (ATP) during light-dependent reactions, which powers glucose production.

Scoring: 23-25 = A, 20-22 = B, 18-19 = C, 15-17 = D

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Civil Rights Movement - Three Reading Levels

LEVEL 1: Beginning ELL (Lexile 500L)
In the 1950s and 1960s, Black Americans fought for equal rights. Before this time, unfair laws separated Black and white people. Black people could not go to the same schools, sit in the front of buses, or use the same water fountains. Martin Luther King Jr. was a famous leader. He believed in peaceful protest. Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat. Because of these brave people, laws changed.

LEVEL 2: On Grade Level (Lexile 800L)
The Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968) challenged systemic racism and segregation. Despite Constitutional amendments granting equal rights, Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation. Key events included Brown v. Board of Education (1954), Rosa Parks' bus boycott, and Dr. King's "I Have a Dream" speech. Through persistent activism, the movement achieved the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965.

LEVEL 3: Advanced (Lexile 1100L)
The Civil Rights Movement represents a transformative period when African Americans systematically challenged institutionalized racism through coordinated legal, political, and social action. The NAACP's litigation campaign culminated in Brown v. Board, dismantling "separate but equal." King's philosophy of nonviolent direct action synthesized Christian theology with Gandhian resistance. The movement employed diverse tactics: sit-ins, Freedom Rides, voter registration drives, generating national support that resulted in landmark legislation.

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